(1864–1936, may have been born in Dnipropetrovsk region) – Jewish, Israeli scientist-physician, Zionist activist. A well-known authority in the field of malaria treatment and prevention. At the same time, he worked to establish and improve the public health system and studied other diseases common in Eretz Israel, paying great attention to the prevention and minimization of the spread of infectious diseases. Made a significant contribution to the creation of modern medical terminology in Hebrew.

(1904–1956, was born in Kherson; according to other data, in Sevastopol) – Israeli mathematician. Received the Israel Prize in the field of exact sciences for his work on the laws of non-commutative rings (1953).

(was born in 1932, in Kharkiv) – Israeli, Soviet physicist. Studied at Kharkiv State University (now - V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University), worked at the Kharkiv Physical and Technical Institute. Participant of the "refusal" movement in the USSR in the 1970s. Editor of the political and literary magazine "Jews in the USSR".

(1940–2017, was born near Kamianets-Podilskyi) – a famous Israeli cardiologist. Worked at the Israel Institute of Technology (Technion) (since 1980). Developed new methods of heart catheterization, which are currently used all over the world. In the year of his death, the Israel Heart Association awarded him a Lifetime Achievement Award.

(1897–1996, was born in Khmelnytskyi) – Israeli scientist-entomologist. Organizer and head of the Malaria Department at the Ministry of Health of Israel (1949–1962). Laureate of the Israel Prize in Medicine for his contribution to the fight against malaria (1962).